Hoop Tenon (Beam End-locking Tenon)

Detail: The Hoop Tenon is a joint employed where beams and columns meet at the terminus or corner of a structure. It bears resemblance to a dovetail joint but is intricately more complex. In this joint, the "hoop" part encircles the column's head, offering a dual functionality of connection and safeguarding the column's end. It ensures a robust link between the edge beam and the corner column. The Hoop Tenon is not solely structural but also enhances the aesthetic, reflecting the grandeur and intricacy of the architectural design.

Process: Several methods exist for constructing the Hoop Tenon, which can be categorized into single-sided and double-sided types. The single-sided Hoop Tenon incorporates a single mortise cut into the top edge of the column head. In contrast, the double-sided Hoop Tenon involves two beam ends positioned on the column head, creating a cross-shaped intersection within the mortise.

Material: Hardwood: Phoebe zhennan (Nanmu), Teak, Elm, etc.

Origin: China

Number of Parts: 3 pieces

Period: Song Dynasty (960 A.D - 1279 A.D.)

Detachability: Detachable

Automatable: No

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