Miles.
Jevezlik	15
Stavros Boghaz	16½
Sugurni	15½
Ballahore	14½
Khoja Bey Khan	22
Mihmansoor	12½
Erzeroom	19
	——
Hassan Kaleh	18
Kumansur	15½
Eshek Elias	17½
Zidkhan	16½
Kara Kilisa	19
Utsh Kilisa	22
	——
	250½

These distances were measured with a pedometer.

On leaving Trebizond the traveller crosses the Boz Tepeh into the valley called the Dezirmen Dereh, through which the road lies as far as

Jevezlik, 15 m., a village on the banks of a small stream. From here there are 3 roads to Gumish Khaneh, the Kara Katan, the Khayir Lair, and the Ziganeh, of which the 2 former are only practicable in the fine season. Leaving Jevezlik by the Kara Katan route, where the roads are bad and disagreeable only after very heavy rains, the country is exceedingly picturesque, lying for some time through pine-forests with numerous villages in the valleys on either side. On descending into the Stavros Boghaz, where khans are to be found, the road crosses the Khurush Dagh, and enters the pretty vale of Gumish Khaneh, abounding with orchards and gardens. The village is situated on the side of a hill about a mile to the rt. of the road. It derives its name from some silver-mines worked by the Turkish government. Leaving the valley near Ballahore the road traverses some table-land to Baiburt, where the river Choruk is crossed by a bridge a little to the E. of the town. Following the Marsat Dereh, then passing, over the Coph Dagh, and continuing along an undulating country as far as Mihmansoor, this route advances on vast cultivated plains bounded by high mountains to Erzeroom, 19 m., described in Rte. 33.

The road hence to Bayezid passes over the vast plains of Pasin and Aresh Kerd. It is good, and, excepting where the mountains separating these great plateaux are crossed, it is perfectly practicable for vehicles. The country is well cultivated and watered, and it has many villages, some of which contain from 300 to 400 houses.

Hassan Kaleh, 18 m., on the first of the 2 plains, is described in Rte. 33. Close to it are several hot springs, some of bitumen, others of lime and iron, the 2 principal ones being covered over and frequented by numerous bathers for their medicinal properties (temperature 105Ÿ Fah.). The river Arras is crossed 9 m. to the E. of Hassan Kaleh by a bridge called Tshupan Köpri.

Kumansur, 15½ m.

Eshek Elias, 17½ m.

On leaving Eshek Elias the ascent of the hills between Pasin and Aresh Kerd commences. On the heights occasional glimpses may be caught of Mount Ararat, distinguished from the high mountains around it by its lofty cone covered with perpetual snow.

Zidkhan, 16½ m.

Kara Kilisa, 19 m.

Utsh Kilisa, or Three Churches, 22 m., takes its name from its former number of Christian temples, for there is now only one standing, the other 2 being in ruins. The monastery attached to them is said to have been built A.D. 306.

The town of Bayezid, 27 m., is situated about 15 m. to the S.W. of the foot of Mount Ararat, which celebrated mountain, the second cradle of the human race, is now called Aghri Dagh. A large plain lies between it and some precipitous hills behind Bayezid. The pasha's palace, called Ak Serai, is on the summit of a crag overlooking the town. This once magnificent building is now in a nearly ruinous state, having lately undergone several severe shocks of earthquake, and having also been despoiled of most of its internal beauty during the last Russian invasion. The town has a poor and dilapidated appearance, with very bad bazars. The population is about 20,000. The khans are rather good, being frequented by travellers to and from Persia.